镀锌方法与环境保护

Means of Galvanizing and Protection of Environment

镀锌是对钢材和钢铁制品进行表面保护的主要手段，传统的镀锌工艺，热浸镀锌和电镀锌，在工艺过程中以及镀前和镀后的处理都会不同程度地产生污染，电镀和热镀行业成了除造纸，印染之外的一大污染源，然而，经过镀锌的钢铁产品能经受水和空气的侵蚀，保护了机械，建筑和一些专用设施，成为人类文明中不可缺少的部分；因此对镀锌工艺进行革命。从工艺过程和方法上减小其对环境的危害是近年的发展趋势，机械镀锌是一种室温下进行的工艺，采用的原材料是无毒的，镀锌后的少量废水只需把重金属沉淀后即可以回用或排放，是一种较利于环境控制的新工艺，此外，十分便于机械化，自动化流水生产。与传统工艺相比工人的劳动条件可以有根本的改变．

Galvanizing is one of the main means to prolect the surface of the iron and steel products Thetraditional galvanizing techniques such as hot dippcd galvanizingund electrogalvanizing will,in somedegree,bring about pollution in the process of galvanizing including the treatment just before and aftergalvanizing.Therefore,the hot-dipped galvanizing and electrogalvanizing industry has become a largerpollution source next only to the paper一making and dyeing industries.On the other hand, the galvanizediron and steel used in can protect themselves against the erosion from water and air.Machinesconstructional elements and some special facilities,It has become a tendency in recent years to developgalvanizing techniques or methods so as to decrease their pollution to the environment.Mechanical gal-vanizing is a new technique under the normal atmospheric teinperature and has many advantages in thecontrol of the pollution to the environment The raw materials used are nonpoisonous and the small quantity ofteh waste water produced from the galvanizing can be collected for reuse or safely discharged afterthe sediment of the heavv metals.Furthermore,mechanization and automation can be used in the processof galvanizing so as to set upassembly line and. in this way,the working conditions for the workemen canbe greatly improved,