炼油设备中的湿硫化氢腐蚀

Corrosion Caused by Wet Hydrogen Sulphide ra Refining Equipment

①介绍了美国某炼油厂胺吸收塔断裂所发生的部位,针对断裂进行了非破坏性评价、材料性能检查、金相组织观察与分析和断裂力学分析.指出胺吸收塔壁产生裂纹的主要原因可能是氢应力开裂和氢诱导开裂,而氢脆则导致最终的断裂,从而造成爆炸灾害.②介绍埃克森等公司对炼油厂在役容器进行检验和调查的情况.指出,只有采用湿萤光磁粉探伤法才能有效地检查在湿硫化氢环境下操作的容器可能产生的裂纹.

The fracture positions of the amine absorber in an American refinery were introduced. In view of the frac-tures, undestructive evaluations, tests of material characteristics, metallographic examination and analysis as well as fractural mechanics analysis were carried out. It was pointed out that the main causes of the crack-les on walls of the amine absorber might be hydrogen stress cracking and hydrogen induction cracking, while hydrogen embnttlement resulted in the ultimate fracturing and then caused the exploding disasters. Re-sults of examinations and investigations of the running vessels in refineries of the Exxon Corporation etc. were introduced. It was pointed out that the crackles produced on vessels operating under wet H2S circumstance can only be detected effectively by the wet magnetic powder fluorescent method.