36个美洲黑杨无性系基本材性遗传变异的研究

Genetic Variation in Basic Wood Properties of 36 Clones of Populus deltoides

山东省长清县３６个８年生美洲黑杨无性系的木材基本密度、纤维长度、树高和胸径在元件系间的变异达极显著水平。用选优法选出５个密度较高、纤维较长、生长较快的优良无性系，它们的引种号分别是１３号、３号、３４号、２２号和８号，除２２号起源于加拿大外，其余均起源于美国。木材基本密度、纤维长度、树高和胸径的广义遗传力分别为０．３２、０．４０、０．４３和０．７１，材性和生长性状受中等或较强遗传控制。树木生长速度分别与木材基本密度和纤维长度呈微弱遗传负相关和遗传正相关。基本密度和纤维长度两个性状可以独立选择。美洲黑杨在雌雄株的基本密度、纤维长度、树高和胸径４个特性上，两总体平均差异不显著。

year-old clones of Populus deltoides Martr from the gene-pool inChangqing County,Shandong Province were used as testing material.Their wood basic den-sity,fiber length,tree height and DBH were measured and analysed.The results show:asignificant variance was observed in 4 traits among the 36 clones. 5 fine clones with higherdensity,longer fiber and faster growth were selected to be the best clones by optimization.Genetic variation of wood basic properties and tree growth were analysed.The broad-senseheritabilities for basic density(0.32),fiber length(0.40),tree height(0.43),DBH(0.71)of 36 clones were calculated.These results showed that these basic wood properties and treegrowth were under moderate and stronger genetic control.There was a slight negativegenetic correlation between the wood basic density and tree growth rate, as well as a positivegenetic correlation between the fiber length and tree growth rate. The traits of density andlength can be selected independently. The genetic parameters of wood basic properties andtree growth were put forward for the introduction of P. deltoides.Moreover,the wood basicdensity, fiber length,tree height and DBH of female and male trees were compared.The dif-ferences of 4 traits between female and male trees were not significant.