常年性变应性鼻炎鼻粘膜肥大细胞脱颗粒的形态学变化

Morphological observations of mast cell degranulation in the nasal mucosa of perennial allergic rhinitis

应用透射电镜观察常年性变应性鼻炎（ＰＡＲ）发作期的鼻粘膜肥大细胞，发现肥大细胞颗粒表现为四种形态特征：①高电子密度颗粒；②中等电子密度颗粒；③低电子密度颗粒；④空泡。依所含颗粒的不同，肥大细胞主要表现为三种形态：①脱颗粒前形态；②脱颗粒形态；③空泡形态。本文就肥大细胞及其颗粒的形态学变化与脱颗粒过程的关系进行了讨论。

The ultrastructural changes of mast cells in nasal mucosa taken from patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) during attack were studied by transmission electron microscopy. 4 morphological changes of granules in the mast cell were as follows:①High electron- dense granule consisting of lamellar structure and a perigranular membrane;②Middle electron-dense granule with flocculent material surrounded by a distinct perigranular membrane;③Low electron-dense granule with loose material surrounded by a indistinct perigranular membrane;④Vacuole with no or few granular material and disappearance of perigranular membrane. According to different granules in the cytoplasm the mast cells can be divided into three types :①Pre-degranulation type with most high electron-dense granules in the cytoplasm;②Degranulation type containing different electron-dense granules and some vacuoles in the cytoplasm;③Vacuole type containing only vacuoles in the cytoplasm. The relationship between the morphological changes of granules of mast cells and their degranulation were discussed.