论构造应力场及其演化对煤和瓦斯突出的主控作用

THE CONTROLLING EFFECT OF TECTONIC STRESS FIELD AND ITS EVOLUTION ON COAL AND GAS OUTBURST

煤和瓦斯突出是地应力、煤的物理力学性质以及瓦斯压力三个因素综合影响的结果，而地应力中所包括的构造应力起主导控制作用。作者从多种角度、不同层次作了深入讨论。首先指出“残余构造应力”影响甚微；其次重点阐述了古构造应力场和现今构造应力场及其演化分别在控制谋和瓦斯突出中所起的重要作用，古构造应力促进瓦斯生成，改变瓦斯运移、赋存条件，破坏煤体结构等。现今构造应力构成了现今地应力的主体，直接参与突出过程。由此为有效防治煤和瓦斯突出提供了理论基础。

Coal and gas outburst is controlled by earth stress, gas pressure and physical and mechanical properties of coal, m which the tectonic stress of earth stresses plays a dominate role. This paper discusses these factors from various angles.First of all, it is pointed out that the effect of “residual tectonic stress” is negligible. Then, it stresses that both palaeotectonic and modern tectonic stress fields and their evolution play an important role in coal and gas outburst.The palaeotectonic stress promoted gas production, changed conditions of occurrence and migration of gas, and the internal structure of coal. The modern tectonic stress dominates the earth stress,and takes part in outburst directly. This provides a theoretical basis for prevention and control of coal and gas outburst.