摩擦学的进展与展望

Recent Advances in Tribology and Future Trends

对摩擦学近１０多年来在润滑与润滑剂和摩擦与磨损这两个方面的进展作了综合介绍与评述，指出最引人注目的是采用扫描隧道显微镜、原子力显微镜和超薄膜干涉仪等先进仪器设备对边界润滑和边界膜进行原位研究，以及纳米摩擦学、陶瓷摩擦学、空间摩擦学、核反应系统摩擦学、微观摩擦学和表面工程等的发展与各种新型摩擦学材料的开发。同时，还对本世纪末和下世纪初摩擦学的发展前景作了展望，认为在摩擦学设计、新的摩擦学系统、特殊的摩擦学材料、新的表面技术和用于极端工况或特殊工况下的润滑剂等方面都将取得新的进展，并且结合国内实际，提出了加速我国摩擦学学科发展和推动我国摩擦学工业应用的建议。

The general situations of the tribological development in the past 10 years werereviewed in this paper,the recent advances on lubrication-lubricant and friction-wear were mainlyexpounded.The outstanding achievements are investigations on boundary lubrication and boundaryfilm using emerging insitu techniques,such as scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy(STM and AFM),ultrathin film interfermetry etc,and the development of nano-tribology,ceramics tribology,space tribology,nuclcar rcactor system tribology,micro-tribology, surfaceengineering and new friction materials;the future developing tendency of tribology in the 90's andthe next century was predicted.It would be extended the progresses in tribological design, newsystems of tribology and special tribologieal materials,new surface-treatment techniques,lubricantsfor extreme or special service condition. To counter the actual situation of China,three suggestionswere made a bout pushing the researches of tribology and its in dustrial a pplication forward in ourcountry.