锐缘硬质轮在金属表面的滚动与滑动

Rolling and Sliding of a Sharp-Edged Hard Wheel on Metal Surfaces

在工程应用的很多摩擦对偶中，往往有一方是锐形的，因此，研究锐形滑块的滚动与滑动具有重要的实用意义。以锐缘硬质轮在挤压铝和软钢两种平面试样表面的滚动和滑动为研究对象，考察了两种摩擦过程中材料的受力状况和变形状况，结果表明，要在同种金属试样表面造成相同宽度的槽痕，滚动法所需要的垂直负荷比滑动法所需要的大，然而滚动法所需要的切向牵引力却比滑动法所需要的小．对两种摩擦过程中界面上的应力与材料的强度性能之关系的分析讨论指出，滚动试验中接触界面上的正应力相应于变形材料的屈服应力，因而滚动试验可以作为材料硬度的一种测量方法；滑动试验中接触界面上的剪应力相应于变形材料的流动剪应力；但滚动试验中界面剪应力与材料的流动剪应力之间，以及滑动试验中界面正应力与材料的屈服应力之间却都没有直线关系．

Sharp friction matings can be found in many practical friction contact parts.It isimportant for industry application to study this kind of friction contacts.In this paper rolling andsliding of a sharp-edged hard wheel on the surfaces of extruded aluminum and soft steel sampleswere studied.It was found that groove formation by rolling required a greater normal load but asmaller tangential force than that req uired for equivalent grooves produced by sliding.It was alsoindicated that the normal stress on the rolling contact interface was similar to the vield stress of thedeformed materials。 Therefore the rolling test can be a measure of hardness. Shear stress on thesliding contact interface was equivalent to the shear flow stress of the deformed materials. However,there were no direct relations between the normal stress on the sliding contact interfaceand the yield stress of the deformed materials or between the shear stress on the rolling contactinterface and the shear flow stress of the deformed materials.