Si_3N_4－高速钢摩擦副在不同润滑剂润滑下的摩擦磨损性能研究

Study on Friction and Wear Properties of Si3N4-High Speed Steel Lubricated by Several Lubricants

氮化硅陶瓷材料在航空技术和工程领域中的应用前景广阔，自其在本世纪五十年代问世以来日益受到普遍关注。尽管这种材料的干磨损率远比金属材料的低，然而还是比大多数实际应用的要求高几个数量级，因此，陶瓷用润滑剂的开发及其作用机理的考察已经成为目前摩擦学研究的前沿课题之一，虽然人们已经在这方面进行了一些研究，但在润滑剂对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－高速钢摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能的影响方面却还未见文献报道。为了开发适用于混合式滚动轴承（即内外圈用高速钢，滚动体用Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷）的润滑剂，利用往复试验机对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－高速钢摩擦副分别在２０号机械油、合成油和不同浓度的乙二醇水溶液等不同润滑剂润滑下的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究，并对含石墨润滑油和乙二醇水溶液等的润滑作用机理进行了初步探讨，结果表明，１０Ｗ－３０石墨油、金刚石。石墨粉油和２０号机械油的实用性能都比较好，这是石墨在摩擦表面形成了保护膜和基础油在钢表面形成了边界润滑膜的结果；浓度约为６０％（ｗｔ）的乙二醇水溶液润滑时，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－高速钢摩擦副的摩擦特性较好，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４球的磨损量随着乙二醇浓度的增加而下降，这很可能是由于乙二醇溶液与摩擦产生的新鲜陶瓷表面发生了复杂的摩擦化学作用而形成了一种耐?

Since ceramics of silicon nitride came out in 1950s,they have got a good deal ofattention to the wide-range application in engineering field and aviation technology. Although drywear rates of this ceramics are much lower than that of metals ,for most practical applications,thewear rates is still several orders of magnitude higher than the engineering criteria. Therefore,thestudy of lubrication mechanism and development of the lubricants for ceramics has become one offrontier problem of tribology. Though some study in this field has always been finished, theinfluence of lubricants on the friction and wear properties of Si3N4-high speed steel pairs is not yetreported in current references.In order to develop the lubricants of mixed ball bearing(i.e. outerand inner ring are made of high speed steel ball made of Si3N4),in this paper,the properties offriction and wear of Si3N4-high speed steel pairs lubricated by several lubricants(such as20# machine oil,synthetic oil and several concentration glycol of water solute etc.)were studiedwith a reciprocating machine and the lubricant mechanism of those oils containing graphite andglycol liquid of several concentration was investigated primarily.These results showed:a.The practical properties of 10W-30 graphite oil,diamond graphite powder oil and20 # machine oil are better,the reasons are that graphite forms a protect film on the frictionalsurface and base oil forms a boundary lubricant film on the metal surface;b When the concentration of glycol is about 6 0 percent, the frictional properties of Si3N4-high speed steel pairs is better,but the wear rates of Si3N4 ball decteases with the increasing ofconcentration of glycol, the reasons are probably that a complicated frictional chemical rcactiontakes place between glycol liquid and fresh ceramic surfaces produces by friction and a wear-resisting layer is form ed on the ceram ic surface.