南北两极海冰的涛动关系

STUDY ON THE OSCILLATION RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEA ICE OF THE ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC

本文将南极海冰分为４个区：ＳＰＩ１（０°－１２０°Ｅ），东南极海冰；ＳＰＩ２（１２０°Ｅ－１２０°Ｗ），以罗斯海为主体的海冰区；ＳＰＩ３（１２０°Ｗ－０°），以威德尔海为主体的海冰区；ＳＰＩ４，全南极海冰区。北极海冰区分为３个区：ＮＰＩ１（９０°Ｅ－１８０°－９０°Ｗ），太平洋侧冰区；ＮＰＩ２（９０°Ｗ－０°－９０°Ｅ），大西洋侧冰区；ＮＰＩ３，全北极冰区。本文使用了ＷＤＣ－Ａ的ＳＩＧＲＩＤ海冰资料，以分析南极和北极各冰区之间的相互关系。发现两极各冰区之间存在着非常复杂的相互作用。其中最突出的特征是：两极海冰之间相互作用的振源是ＮＰＩ２。ＳＰＩ３是影响南极海冰的正反馈中心。ＳＰＩ２则是南北两极海冰的负反馈中心。ＮＰＩ２，ＳＰＩ３和ＳＰＩ２之间的相互作用最强，形成涛动关系。这种涛动关系不是同时期的，而是有较长的滞后时间差。两极海冰形成周期变化，其周期为５－６年，正与ＮＰＩ２和ＳＰＩ３自身变化周期一致。

In this paper,the Antarctic sea ice is divided into four regions:SPI1,the eastern Antarctic region;SPI2,centered at the Ross Sea;SPI3,centered at the Weddell Sea;SPI4,the whole Antarctic sea region.The Arctic Sea ice is divided into three regions:NPI1 on the Pacific-side;NPI2 on the Atlantic-side;NPI3,the whole Arctic sea region.In this paper,by the mathematical statistical methods,the SIGRID polar sea ice data provided by WDC-A are used to analyze the interrelations between sea ice among the Arctic and Antarctic regions. It is found that ,very complicated interactions exist between sea ice of the Arctic and Antarctic Regions with the most outstanding characteristics as follows: The vibration source of the interactions between two Poles' sea ice is NPI2.SPI3 is the positive feedback center affecting the Antarctic sea ice.SPI2 is the negative feedback center affecting on two Poles' sea ice. The strongest interactions among NPI2,SPI3 and SPI2 make a quasi-periodic intensity variation between sea ice of the Antarctic and Arctic with their cycle period of 5￣6 years. This cycle period is just coincident with the principal period of NPI2 and SPI3 variations themselves. An oscillation relationship forms among NPI2,SPI3 and SPI2. The oscillation between SPI3 and SPI2 is of zonal nature while the oscillation between NPI2 and SPI3 or SPI2 is of meridional nature. This kind of oscillation is not at the same time but with a longer lag time difference.NPI2 is about 0.5￣1 year lag to SPI2;SPI3 is 2￣12 months and 24￣48 months lag to SPI2;and SPI3 is 0.5￣2 years lag to NPI2.