竹叶结构的比较解剖及其对系统分类意义的评价

STUDIES ON THE COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF BAMBOO LEAVES AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR BAMBOO SYSTEMATIC TAXONOMY

对２４种竹子营养叶的结构进行了比较解剖的研究。通过对同一竹种不同个体、同一个体不同部位及同一叶片的不同部位的横切与纵切进行观察，结果表明：（１）大多数竹种的同一竹种不同个体、同一个体不同部位的叶片的结构无明显差异，刚竹属则存在一定的变异，特别是梭形细胞的有无。但同一叶片不同部位其主脉维管束的数目有显著的差异；（２）梭形细胞与胞间隙同时存在于叶片中；（３）横切面上泡状细胞的形态及细胞组的数目在种间及种内均有一定的差异；（４）横切面上叶肉细胞壁的褶皱情况不能完全代表其立体构造；（５）叶的解剖构造在属间无明显的界限。因此，单一地将竹子叶片某个部位的解剖构造的资料应用于竹类植物的系统分类，其价值不大，只有在搞清楚它们结构的变化模式后，对系统分类才可能有意义。

The comparative anatomical structures of leaves of 24 monopodial bamboo species were studied.The cross and longitudinal sections of leaves collected from the different individuals of the sameapecies, from the different Parts of the same culm and from the different levels of the single leafshow:1)For most of species, the anatomic structure appears no remarkable difference for the individuals of intraspecies and for the different Parts of the same culm, but the complex vascular system in themidrib at the cross sections cutted at the different levels of the single blade vary considerably in structure. For some species of the genus Phyllostachys the anatomic structure, porticularlly the fusoidcells, may appear or disappear.2)Fusoid cells and intercellular sacces are present at same time. 3)The forms of bulliform cell groups and the cell number in the group vary somewhat inter- and intraspecies.4)The inflamings of the walls of the arm-cells could be oberved not only at cross,but alsoat longitudinal sections.5)Based on the obtained anatomic data there are no clear-cut distinctions between any of the genera that have been examined. Although the anatomic structures are of some diagnostic value interspecies,it will be impossible to assess the systematic taxonomic significance until amuch more comprehensive survey of the leaf anatomy of the bamboos,particularly the variation pattern of vascular system in the midrib,has been completed.