水稻光敏核不育系的育性气象模型及其机理

A METEOROLOGICAL MODELOF FERTILITY CHANGE IN PSGMR WITH MECHANISMS

光敏核不育水稻的育性转换主要是抽穗前５～２０天的光温条件综合影响的结果。其数量关系可由结实率量化模型表达。温敏型不育系的育性由温度主控；光敏型不育系的育性在日长大于最适日长时由日长主控，日长短于最适日长时由温度主控。温光对育性的影响存在互补效应，在最适温度以下，不育临界日长随温庆升高延长；在最适温度以上，不育临界日长随温度升高缩短。温光当量可作为比较温度和日长对育性影响大小的具体量值。根据结实率量化模型及其气象机理归纳的育性转换通用图式，可作为指导不育系选育、制种和繁殖的依据。

The fertility alteration in photo-senstitive genic male sterile rice(PSGMR)is the inte- grated resuIt of photo-thermal coi1ditions 5 to 15-20 days prior to the earing stage with the nu-merical relation presented by a qtiantified grains-producing rate model.Results show that the fertility of the thermo-sensitive PSGMR is controlled largely by temperature over that period andthat of the photo-sensitive type by insolation when it is longer than the potimum daylength andotherwise by temperattire. Moreover,the temperature and insolation are inter-supplementary intheir impacts on fertility,and below(above)the optimum temperature the sterility has its criticaldaylength elongated(shortened)with increasing temperatuve,The photo-temperature equivalentcan be taken as a tiseftil measure of temperattire aidinsolation influencing the fertility,The gen-eral diagrams of the fertility change based on the quantified grains-prodticing rate model and itsmechanisms provide a scientific basis for the seed selection,development and reproduction ofsterilitv rice.