棉尘及吸烟对肺功能影响的观察

EFFECT OF COTTON DUST AND SMOKE ON LUNG FUNCTION

对８３名接触棉尘的健康者作肺功能测定，并与３９名不接触棉尘的健康者对照。其中男性均为吸烟者；女性均为不吸烟者。结果表明，ＭＭＥＦ、ＰＥＦＲ、Ｖ２５％～７５％均明显低于对照组（分别为Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５）．在男性吸烟组，ＶＣ，ＭＢＣ，ＦＥＶ１％也有明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），作者认为棉尘对人体的危害主要部位在小气道，吸烟者因损害严重可累及大气道。以往对棉尘反应的肺功能评估仅以ＦＥＶ１％为指标，不能反映早期的变化，有必要进一步完善。

The lung function of 83 healthy subjects exposed to cotton dust were measured. Among them the male smokers were 34 cases and female non-smokers were 49 cases. The result shows that MMEF, PEFR and V25%-V75% were significantly lower than those in the hcalthy subjects without cotton dust exposure ( P< 0.05 and P<0.01 respectively). In the male smoking group decline in VC, MBC, FEV1% was obvious too(P<0.01).The authors belive that the dangers of cotton dust are mainly in the small airway and involve the greater airway as they become severe in smokers. The previous evaluation of lung function to cotton dust reaction singly by FEV1% doesnot show carly changes, so that further improvement is needed in its evaluation.