免疫学方法鉴定小鼠早期胚胎性别的研究

Identification of Sex in Preimplantative Embryos of Mouse by Immunological Assay

用免疫学方法制备的Ｈ─Ｙ抗血清，通过细胞毒性试验检测昆明白系小鼠早期胚胎细胞表面的雄性特异性Ｈ─Ｙ抗原，从而鉴定早期胚胎的性别。将８─１６细胞期胚胎培养在Ｗｈｉｔｔｅｎ＇ｓ培养液中，并加入Ｈ─Ｙ抗血清和正常豚鼠血清，培养２４ｈ后，镜检胚胎可分为有反应和无反应两类。胚胎中一个或多个卵裂球溶解为有反应（Ｈ─Ｙ阳性）为雄性胚胎；胚胎完好无损为无反应（Ｈ─Ｙ阴性）为雌性胚胎。实验结果表明，１５２８枚胚胎经处理后４７．９％的胚胎为Ｈ─Ｙ阳性，５２．１％为Ｈ─Ｙ阴性，与昆明白系小鼠自然性别比率（♂５１．２％，♀４８．８％）比较两者无显著差异。Ｈ─Ｙ阴性胚胎经染色体核型分析，雌性胚胎鉴别准确率为８０％。

mmunological assay was used for detecting male-specific H-Y antigen on preimplantativeembryos of Kunming strain mouse. In this experiment, H-Y antigen was detected on preimplanta-tive embryos by cytotoxicity test there by to determine sex of embryos. Eight to 16 cell embryoswere cultured in Whitte's medium added H-Y antiserum and normal guinea pig serum (comple-ment). After 24h of culture, embryos were classified as either affected or unaffected. An embryoswas classified as affected if degeneration of embryo or breakdown of one or more blastomeres wasobserved. This embryos was H-Y positive (male). Our results demonstrated that, of 1528 embryosexamined, 47.9% were H-Y positive (male) and 52.1% were H-Y negative (female). Not muchdifference was found between the nature sex ratio of Kunming strain mouse (male: 51.2%, fe-male: 48.8%) and our results (P>0.10). H-Y nagative embryos were confirmed by cytogeneticmethod. 80% H-Y nagative embryos were female.