宁夏农垦春小麦高产栽培的理论与实践

The Technique and Application on High-yield Cultivation of Spring Wheat on State Fasms in Ningxia

１９８８～１９９０年宁夏农垦春小麦亩产３年增加１３６ｋｇ，亩产水平提高５６．２％，并有万亩春小麦连续３年过５００ｋｇ。宁夏农垦春小麦高产的理论与实践：一是创造高产稳产的栽培条件。对土壤的要求是排水良好，田面平整；对肥力的要求是通过秸秆还田等措施，增加土壤有机质，保持氮磷平衡；在目前条件下增施磷肥提高土壤有效磷含量是提高土地生产力的重要措施。二是培育壮苗是夺取春小麦高产的核心。苗期土壤水分状况、植株营养状况是影响春小麦高产的主要因素。三是要采取针对措施．排除障碍，确保在不同类型土壤上夺取春小麦高产。

The per mu yield of spring wheat on state farms in Ning xia iucreased by 136 Kg,namely 56.2% from 1988 to 1990.And among which,the per mu yield of about 700 hectares exceeded 500kg during the three years.To raise yield of spring wheat,some effective measures were taken on state farms in Ningxia.First, the cultivating conditions for higher and stabler yields were provided. The Soil must be drained water away well and the field must be flat enough.It isnecessary to increase the content of organic matter in soil for k eeping the balance between nitrogen and phosphide by wheat straw returned to soil.It is currently a main measture for raising the productivity of farmland to increase the content of effective phosphine in soil by means of appling more phosphatic fertilizer to wheat fields.Second,Cultivatin ghigh-quality wheat seedling is a key to obtain higher yield of wheat,and conditions of the soil moisture and plant nutrition are also imPortant factors.Third,Some different measures to gain higher yield of wheat were taken on different types of soil.