宁夏恶性肿瘤死亡率及人口死亡抽样调查研究

A Sampling Survey of Malignancy Mortality and Causes of Popu- lation Death in Ningxia

按照全国统一方法，宁夏回族自治区选择银川、吴忠、惠农、泾源四市（县）作为调查点，调查了１９９０～１９９２年恶性肿瘤及人口死因。结果为：四市、县三年度共死亡９６７３人，死亡率４．２‰，标化死亡率３．８６‰。其中婴儿死亡９５８人，死亡率２６．６５‰。人口中死亡的高峰在婴儿期及７０～岁年龄组。测算人口平均寿命男性６７．６７岁，女性７３．３岁。四市、县居民前五位死因依次为：循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、损伤与中毒及意外，以及新生儿疾病。四市、县三个年度共有１８３１人死于恶性肿瘤，平均年度死亡率为８４．５／１０万，占死亡总数的１９．３３％（男性死亡人口中恶性肿瘤占首位）；主要恶性肿瘤死亡位次为：胃癌、肺癌、肝癌、食管癌。与７０年代调查结果比较，人口死亡率及婴儿死亡率均下降，人口平均寿命延长。呼吸系统疾病及传染病的死亡率均下降，循环系统疾病及恶性肿瘤的死亡率分别上升至第一、二位。

A sampling surveyof malignancy mortality and the cau-ses of population death during a per-iod from 1990 to 1992 in Yinchuan,Wuzhong,Huinong and Jingyuanof Ningxia Hui Autonomous Regionwas conducted.Totally, 9673 died inthe above areas during that period.The mortality rate and the standard-ized mortality were 4.2‰ and 3.86‰respectively.Out of the total infantsin the above areas,958 died,thus theinfant mortality being 26.65‰.Thepeaks of population death were at theinfant stage and the 70～yr age group.The average life span of males was67.67 yrs,& 73.3 yrs in females.Thefirst five causes of death were cardi-ovascular diseases,malignancy,respir atory disea ses,injuries &toxicosis and neonatal diseases,successively.Durfing-the above threeyears,1831 died from malignancy andits specific mortality was 79.7/100,000,accounting for 19.33% of thetotal death(Malignancy being eventhe first cause of death in males).The chief malignant tumors causingdeath were gastric,lung, hepatic& esophageal cancer in their properorder.Compared with the survey dataofthe 1970s,the mortality rate ofpopulation & infant mortality bothreduced,the average life span of thepeople prolonged,the mortality ofrespiratory diseases & contagious dis-eases both reduced,yet,the mortal-ity rate of cardiovascular diceases& malignant tumor both rose upmarkedly and ranked the first & se-cond place respectively.