水稻体细胞培养与无性系变异——Ⅰ,不同基因型不同外植体的培养

SOMATIC CELL CULTURE AND CLONAL VARIATION IN RICE 1. DIFFERENT GENOTYPES AND EXPLANTS CULTURE IN RICE

对水稻5个品种的种胚和11个品种的幼穗在含不同激素浓度的MS培养基上培养,诱导愈伤组织并再生绿苗。品种间在愈伤组织诱导率、绿苗分化率和对激素的诱导效应表现了基因型差异。幼穗愈伤组织诱导率和绿苗分化率高于种胚。种胚的盾片愈伤组织分化能力高于胚轴,胚芽鞘的未分化得绿苗。去分化培养基添加2,4—D2mg/1+KT0.5mg/1,诱导愈伤组织的效果甚佳,并促进绿苗分化。选择胚性愈伤组织继代培养,种胚的培养270天,幼穗的培养210天,仍有部分品种保持较高的绿苗分化率。

Seeds and immature inflorescence of rice varieties were used to form calli and regenerate plants on MS medium supplemented with different concentration of plant hormones, Genotypic differences in the frequencies of callus induction, plant regeneration and the responses to plant hormones are observed. The immature inflorescence has higher culture ability than the seeds. The plant regeneration from scutellum callus is easier than that from the other two calli from hypocotyl and coleoptile. The medium containing 2.4-D 2mg/l+KT0.5mg/l is convenient to induce callus, and promotes plant regeneration. The calli from seed-embryo and immature inflorescence of some varieties maintaing highfrequency of plant regeneration after 270 days and 210 days subculture respectively via selecting embryonic callus.