商品瘦肉猪优良杂交组合评选及其方法的研究

A STUDY ON CHOOSING THE BEST CROSS COMBINATIONS FOR LEAN—TYPE MARKET RIGS AND ITS METHODS

对七个猪种的生长、胴体及肉质性状进行了配合力和杂种优势估测,对亲本品种的主要性状进行了主成份分析和遗传聚类,并运用遗传相似关系对杂交配合力和杂交组合进行了综合评判,结果表明:优良顺序父本为杜洛克汉、普夏、丹麦长白;母本为内江、雅南、荣昌、成华;四个本地猪的优良二元杂交组合分别为杜内、汉雅、杜荣、杜成;优良三元杂交组合的终端父本一般为汉普夏。亲本间的遗传差异与杂交效果呈正比关系,可供亲本选配参考。本文提出的与理想商品瘦肉猪间遗传相似大小的评定方法,可以综合多性状信息进行评定,结果可靠。

The combining abilities and the heterosis of growth, carcass and meat quality merits were estimated for 7 swine breeds. The prineipal component analysis and genetic clustering for some main traits were made. The crossbreeding effects and the crosses were comprehensively evaluated with genetic similarity principle. The results showed that the sire breeds ranked as Duroc (D), Hampshire (H) and Landrace (L), and the dam breeds as Neijiang (Ne), Yanan (Ya), Yongchang (Yo) and chenghua (Ch), the best 2-breed combinations for 4 native pig breeds were D x Ne, H x Ya,D x Yo and D x Ch respectively, and the best terminal sire breed for 3-breed combinations was Hampshire. It was found that the degree of genetic differences between the partner breeds was directly proportional to crossbreeding effects, which would be of reference to mating design. The results also indicated that it was comprehensive, correct and useful that crossbreed effects and crosses were evaluated using the degree of genietc similarity to an ideal lean-type market pig.