鲁西北地区渍涝洼地人工鱼塘─台田的环境分析

Environmental analysis of fish ponds and raised fields in low-lying saline-alkali wetland in northwest of ShandongProvince.

鲁西北地区是黄淮海平原中低产田渍涝洼地的主要分布区之一。在鲁西北的禹城市，利用挖鱼塘、建台田的工程措施，综合改造利用这类洼地。工程实施后，通过水盐调控，改善了洼地的环境状况。监测结果表明：洼地台田土壤含盐量降低，土壤逐渐熟化。土壤有机质大量整治前后分别为０．５８２％（１９８６年）、０．９８９％（１９８９年）．土壤中的全氮、全磷也由整冶前的０．０２％、０．１４％上升到整治后的０．０６１％和０．１５８％。土壤盐分含量逐年降低，由０．５０～０．９２％下降到０．０６～Ｏ２９％。挖鱼塘建台田的生态工程措施，使浅层地下水地表化，解决了洼地积水蒸发等形成的盐渍化问题。综合环境效应显示，洼地原有的自然状况向良性转化，达到了初步治理的目的。

The low-lying saline-alkali wetland is one of main type of low yield fields in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. Ac-cording to the resource of water, quantity of heat and wet-land, the lowland was integratedly treated and utilized withthe model of digging fish ponds and building raised fields. Bymonitoring the moving of the salt and wdter,the engineeringsolved the question about preveting secondary saline-alkali of wetland.The monitoring results showed that soil organicmatter was increased from 0.582%to0. 989%, total N and Pcontents were increased from 0.02% and0.14% to 0.061%and 0.158% separately, and soil salt content was reducedfrom 0.50-0.92% to 0.06-0.29% year by year in the re-formed land.The integrated environmental benefit indicatedthat the original land condition was soundly transformed and the planned goal of primary tretment and utilization wasachieved.