大熊猫在国外饲养繁殖的历史与进展

DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS IN BREEDING AND REARING GIANT PANDA IN CAPTIVITY OUTSIDE CHINA

1936—1945年国外曾饲养有14只大熊猫,1955—1982年我国又向9个国家提供了24只,1979—1988年墨西哥等4家动物园,共繁殖13胎,产仔17只,存活7只,在10年繁殖中共有10只组成繁殖种群,出生率大于死亡率。目前国外饲养有18只,根据年龄结构推测,将是一个人工繁殖的增长种群。

From 1936 to 1945 there were a total of 14 giant pandas in captivity outside China. In 1955-1982 the Chinese government sent 24 giant pandas to 9 countries. Since 1979 the zoos in Mexico, Spain, Japan and the U. S. A. have bred 13 litters with a total of 17 babies. But only 7 babies have survived. All the 17 births since 1979 have been from 5 pairs of Giant pandas, and their birth rates have been higher than their death rates during this period. Now there are 18 pandas in captivity in 8 zoos, including zoo-bred pandas. We can see that the population of pandas outside China is growing if we enchace internatinal cooperation and stress good management in captivity.