芳烃／海水界面张力的研究──1．苯及甲苯与海水界面张力的研究

A STUDY ON THE INTERFACIAL TENSION OF THE AROMATIC HYDROCARBON/SEAWATER 1,The Interfacial Tension for the Benzene or Toluene/Seawater

首次用滴体积法比较系统地测定苯、甲苯与海水在不同温度（２０～３５℃）、不同盐度（０～４０．５）范围内的界面张力。测定值相对误差小于０．５％。用统计方法得出这两个芳烃与海水界面张力分别与温度和盐度的经验公式。指出：公式计算值与实验测定值之间平均标准偏差＜０．１ｍＮ／ｍ。

The interfacial tension (I. T. ) of the benzene/seawater and toluene/seawater in the temperature range of 20～35℃ and in the aslinity range of 0～40. 5 have been respectively determined with the drop-volume method. The average relative standard deviation of the measured values was within 0. 5%. Two empirical formulae were obtained on the basis of these measurements which revealed the relationship of the I. T. with temperature and practical salinities. The results show that these I. T. 's have a good linear relationship with temperature at constant salinities,but its salinity coefficients have a linear relationship with temperature. The overall average standard deviation between the measured and calculated values with the empirical formula is <0.1mN/m.