人工促成檀香结香的研究

STUDIES ON FORCING HEARTWOOD FORMATION IN SANTALUM ALBUM

在自然情况下生长的檀香（ＳａｎｔａｌｕｍａｌｂｕｍＬ．）植株，约１０龄左右开始形成具芳香的心材（通称结香），约３０—４０年方可砍伐利用．作者采用两年生的幼树，施用植物生长抑制剂ＰＧＩ１进行促成结香试验，结果证明采用１％３ｍｌ生长激素处理的植株，其檀香油和檀香醇的含量一般较对照和用水处理的植株高１—２倍．

The useful part of sandal tree (Santalum album) is the fragrant heartwood, which usually starts its formation in about 10-year-old plants and increases slowly in size with the aging of the plant. In natural condition, it will take 30-40 years for the formation o f commercially valuable hastwood in a sandal tree. In this study, 2-yeal-old seedlings of Santalum album were treated by 1% of a plant growth inhibitor (PGI-1) with different dosases (1ml, 3ml) and different frequencies (once, twice and four times per year). Plants treated with the same quantity of water and that not being treated were used as control. After three years of treatment, the plants were dug up, the stems and roots were ground into powder and distillated by steam separately. The obtained oil were measured and analysed by using gas chromatography. The results show that PGI1 has distinct effects on forcing the heartwood formation in Santalum album. The average oil contents in stems and roots, as well as the sandalol content in the oil of the plants treated by PGI-1, with very few exceptions, are much higher than that treated by water. On the other hand, the differences of oil and sandalol contents are inconspicuous between the plants treated by water and that not being treated. It shows that mechanical injury alone during treatment has little influence on the formation of heartwood in sandal tree.