黑长臂猿（Hy lobates concolor）对人类和非人类捕食者的回避行为

HUMAN ENCOUNTER AND PREDATOR AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR IN BLACK-CRESTED GIBBON,HYLOBATES CONCOLOR

捕食和避免捕食在动物生存和进化过程中起着重要作用．本文报道了我们自１９９０年３月至．１９９２年元月观察黑长臂猿（Ｈｙｌｏｂａｔｅｓｃｏｎｃｏｌｏｒ）对人类和非人类捕食者的一系列反映．在遇到人类（观察者）后，据离观察者的远近和受惊程度不同，它们表现出５种回避方式．而在遇到非人类捕食者时，成年雌雄性一起将捕食者引开，以保护其后代个体免遭捕食．文中还对这些不同的行为方式进行了讨论．成年雄性是群体的主要保护者，成年雌性在群体保护中也起到重要的作用，不同个体的邀免捕食行为又有所不同，特别是幼体．

Black-crested gibbon (Hylobates concolor) is the least studied Icsscr apes.This paper presents the informahon on the predatoreavoidancc behaviour in H. concolor.We have studiedblack gibbons from Mar. 1990 to Jan. 1992 in Wuliang and Ailao, Yunnan Province. The maintactics of black--crested gibbons against predators is avoidance. According tO the deads approached and threatened by human, we assign the avoidance behaviour intO five categories. Theadult male is the principal protector against predators, and the adult female also plaes an important role in protecting group, especially when the group is attacked or severely threatened byhuman and non-human predators. Different individual in a group has different tactics to avoidpredator.