标准小区和大型坡面径流场径流泥沙监测方法分析

Analysis of Monitoring Methods of Runoff and Sediment in Standard Plot and Large Sloping runoff field

通过对子午岭林区林地未开垦及开垦后分别布设的标准小区与大型坡面径流场所测定的径流、泥沙资料进行对比分析，提出在非林地的坡面上用标准小区观测资料建立的坡面土壤流失方程有局限性；在林地上，无论是标准小区，还是大型坡面径流场所测定的径流、泥沙量，均可作为有林小流域径流量和泥沙量的参考值。另根据对大型坡面径流场、标准小区和小流域把口站所测定的径流量、泥沙量资料进行分析，认为利用标准小区所测定的非林地泥沙量可以作为小流域把口站输沙量的参考值，而用大型坡面径流场所测定的林地与非林地泥沙量比值可以作为相似条件下小流域林区与非林区泥沙量之比值。

Through comparative analysis of observed runoff and sediment data in standard plot andlarge sloping runoff field which are arranged respectively in uncultivated and cultivated areas ofthe Ziwuling forest region, this paper puts forward that certain limitations exist in the soil loss equation established by making use of the observed data from non-forest slopes; while in the forestland, both runoff and sediment data observed whether in standard plot or in large sloping runofffield can be used as reference data to the runoff and sediment of small watersheds in forest region. In addition. according to the analysis of the sediment and runoff data observed in large sloping runoff field. standard plot and the controlling station of small watershed, it is held that thesediment yield of non-forest land observed in runoff plot can be used as reference data to the sediment load of the controling station of small watershed, while in similar conditions the ratio of sediment yield in forest land to that in non-forest land (both dates are observed in large sloping runoff fields) can be used as the ratio of sediment yield in forest area to that in non-forest area of a small watershed.