三峡水库调度运行对长江口咸潮入侵的影响分析

Impacts of Three Gorges reservoir operation on salt.water encroachment at the Yangtze estuary

三峡水库调度运行对长江口成潮入侵的影响，为国内外许多专家所关注。根据三峡水库特征及调度运行方案，对于水文情势变化对长江口径流和咸潮入侵的影响进行了分析。分析认为：由于三峡水库调节，１０～１１月水库充水，下泄流量比天然情况有所减少，遇枯水年将有一定影响。但从同一流量标准在建库前后出现的天数机率和流量机率变化分析，咸潮入侵的历时影响是不大的，而１～５月份水库下泄量增大，对抵御咸潮入侵和冲淡高盐水有效显著作用，对改善吴淞水厂受咸潮入侵的影响是有利的。

Impacts of Three Gorges reservoir operation on salt water encroachment at the Yangtze estuary are widely concerned by many experts at home and abroad. Based on the characteristics of Three Gorges reservoir and its mode of operation, influences of changed hydrologic condition on the runoff and the salt water encroachment are investigated. Research resalts show that because of Three Groges reservoir operation, the;reservoir filling up in October to November annually leads to less outflow than in natural condition without TGP reservoir; and it brings forth some unfavourable impact on salt water encroachment at the Yangtze estuary during low now year. However, the further analysis indicates that a little influence may occur on the duration of salt water encroachment. And that the increased by reservoir release river now in January through May every year may be beneficial in protecting the Yangtze estuary against salt water encroachment and reducing the salt concentration of the intruded sea water.