三峡地区脆弱生态环境问题初探

On ecological & environmental fragility of the Three Gorges region

脆弱生态环境是一种对环境因素改变的反应敏感而维持自身稳定的可塑性小的生态环境系统。三峡地区脆弱生态环境的基本特征为：侵蚀作用强烈；抗干扰能力弱；土地退化，土地生产力衰减；森林生态系统衰退，环境灾害加剧，灾种增多，频次增高。形成三峡地区脆弱生态环境的因素包括地质地貌因素、气候因素以及人为因素和社会经济因素。三峡地区生态环境的整治措施主要包括：控制人口增长；调整产业结构；开展综合治理；唤起环境意识，依法治理和保护生态环境。

Ecological & environmental system fragitity features both in hish sensitivity to the change of environmental factors and in low plasticity in keeping itself stable.The basic characteristics of fragility of eco-environment system in Three Gorges reservoir region are:intense erosion,lowanti-interference capacity,decreasing production capability of land,declining ecolosical forest system,aggravated environmental hazard with increased hazard kind and occurrence frequency.Factors resulting in weak ecological environment in Three Gorges reservoir area include geologic,geomorphologic,climatic, man-induced and socio-economic ones.Principal measures controlling ecological environment in Three Gorges reservoir area contain controlling the growth of population,adjustifying the industrial structure,developing the comprehensive environmental harnessing, calling attention to the ecological environment,controlling and protecting the ecolosical environment by means of legal tools.