代表单元尺度概念及其在洋河流域控制雨量站布设中的应用

Concept of representative elementary length and its case application

本文首次提出代表单元尺度（ＲＥＬ）概念及其协同学意义。在划分子单元规模时，大于代表单元尺度的子区域之间相互独立，而小于该尺度的子区域之间彼此空间结构相关。在小于ＲＥＬ的尺度上研究问题时，必须考虑区域内各量的空间结构，不能用简单的平均方法以点代面。对大于ＲＥＬ的尺度上研究时，由于子区域间相互独立，可以考虑用算术或权重平均以点及面。可应用半方差理论确定代表单元尺度。最后应用代表单元尺度概念分析了河北省洋河流域遥测雨量站布设方法的合理性。

The concept of the representative elementary length (REL ) and its coordination meaning are presented for the first time. When subregions are divided, the subregions whose lengths are greater than REL are independent of each other,while those whose lengths are smaller than REL are correlative in spatial structure. For subregion's lengths smaller than REL , spatial structures of various quantities in the region must be taken into account,and a simple average method using values at several points in a region to stand for the region can not be adopted.In case of subregion's lengths greater than REL,an arithmetic average or weighted average method using values at several points to stand for the value in the region can be adopted, because its subregions are independent of each other. The REL can be determined by means of semi-variance theory. Finally, the paper introduces that the concept of REL is applied to analyse the reason ableness of the arrangement of remoted rain gage stations in Yanghe river basin in Hebei province