黄河中下游历史时期沉积环境演化

Evolution of Sedimentary Environment of the Middle and Lower Yellow River in Historical Period

从流域系统角度．论述了黄河集水盆地、干流输沙通道和河口三角洲三个子系统的特征、沉积环境演变、沉积结构及沉积规律，相应地计算出中游禹门口至潼关河段和下游花园口至利津河段的沉积速率。前者从三国至１９６０年的年平均沉积厚度为０．０２１ｍ，其中１５７３～１９６０年增大到０．０３１ｍ；后者从１８５５～１９５４年的年平均沉积厚度为０．０６ｍ，１９５４～１９５９年增大到０．１４ｍ。以上研究成果对研究今后干流枢纽开发和河道减淤、河道治理都有重要意义。

From the basin system point of view. the poper discusses the characteristics, evolution of sedimentaryenvironment. sedimentury structure and its laws of the 3 sub-systems of collecting water basin, main sediment transportation channel and delta at the river mouth in the Yellow River basin. The sedimentary ratesof the reach from Tongguan to Yumenkou of the middle river and the reach from Huayuankou to Lijin ofthe lower river are also calculated correspondingly. The mean despition thickness of the former from A. D.220 to 1960 is 0. 021m, in which 0. 031m from A. D. 1573 to 1960 and, 0. 06m from 1855 to 1954 forthe latter, in which it is increased to 0. 14m from 1954 to 1959. All of these results are significant forstudying the development of projects on the main channel. sediment reduction and river training.