泰山蚜虫区系及其生态分布的研究

THE FAUNA AND THE ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF MOUNT TAI APHIDS

本文研究了１１８种泰山蚜虫的区系及其生态分布。从世界昆虫区系看，泰山蚜虫的古北区、古北区＋东洋区种类颇丰富，分别是３５和４６种，占２９．７％和３９．０％；其余的跨区系种是３７种，占３１．３％。从中国昆虫区系看，分布在华北区、华北区＋华中区、东北区＋华北区＋华中区＋蒙新区＋华南区＋西南区及全部７个区的种类较多，分别是１７、１４、１４和１２种，占１４．４％、１１．９％、１１．９％和１０．２％。按照植被在泰山上的垂直分布，从３个大范围即海拔１０００ｍ以上的高山地带、１０００～５００ｍ的中山地带及５００～１２０ｍ的低山地带和山前平原区讨论了泰山蚜虫的生态分布。３个范围内蚜虫的物种数从高海拔地带到低海拔地带依次是１０、４６和１０５种，占总物种的８．４％、３９．０％和８８．９％；特有种依次是１、１１和７０种，分别占０．８％、９．３％和５９．３％，主要的原因是各层次植被的丰富度有差异。

The authors deal with the fauna and the ecological distribution of Mount Tat aphids.118 species of Mount Tat aphids, belonging to 2 superfamilies, 10 families and 56 genera arerecorded. Mount Tai aphid fauna contains Palaearctic species (35 species, 29.7%), the common species of Palaearctic and Oriental regions (46 species, 39.0%) and other widely-distributed species (37 species, 31.3%). The structures of Mount Tat aphid fauna in China arealso discussed. Based on vertical distribution of Mount Tai vegetation, the species components on many kinds of plants in the three-elevation limits (1545-1000 m, 1000-500 m and500-120 m) are analysized. The number of the aphid species in the three-elevation limitsfrom the top to the base of the mountain are 10, 46 and 105 respectively, accounting for8.4%, 39.0% and 88.9%. The endemic species (within the limit of Mount Tat) in thethree-elevation limits are 1. 11 and 70, accounting for 0.8%, 9.3% and 59.3% respectively.The difference of which is decided by the richness of vegetation in the three-elevationlimits.