CHA杂种小麦生态型及强优势组合选配模式初探

Preliminary Study on Ecotype of Hybrids with CHA and Making Modles of Strong Superiority Crosses in Wheat

１９９１～１９９２年度，采用相关分析、分级通径分析与组合类型分析方法，研究了１９个ＣＨＡ杂种小麦的产量、产量构成及其相互关系。结果表明，山西晋南麦区ＣＨＡ杂种生态型应为冬性或半冬性的以多粒为主兼顾粒重的重穗类型；高产杂种来自高产双亲；晋南麦区选择双亲都为高产水平的“重穗型×多穗型”、“中间型×中间型”、“重穗型×中间型”的配组模式，出现强优势组合的机率可能大些，配组亲本中，重穗型应选择多粒大粒重稳型或多粒重穗型，中间型应选择多粒中间型。

During 1991￣1992, an experiment was conducted to study the yield, yield components of 19 hybrids with chemical hybridizing agent (CHA) and its correlations in wheat, using methods of correlation analysis, stage path analysis and crosses type analysis. The results were as follows: (1) The ecotype of the hybrids with CHA belonged to winter or semiwinter heavy-spike type which had higher number of kernels per spike with higher 1000-kernel weight in the South of Shanxi. (2)High yield hybrids derived from high yield potential of two parents. (3) In the region, it was more probable to produce strong superiority crosses by selecting two high yield potential parents. The modles is 'heavy-spike type×multiple spike type', 'medium type×medium type' and 'heavy-spike type×medium type'. When making crosses, heavy-spike type parents were selected for higher number of kernels with higher kernel weight or higher number of kernels, and medium type for higher number of kernels.