限水灌溉对冬小麦产量和水分生产效率的影响

Effects of Water-Limiting Irrigation on Winter Wheat Production and Its Production Efficiency of Irrigation Water

１９９１～１９９３年在临汾市乔李村粮田３队进行冬小麦限水灌溉试验，提出减少灌溉次数（即灌溉量），只在关键时期进行灌溉，就可使冬小麦节水与增产的目标同时实现。冬小麦灌溉量减少３３．０％～６６．７％，产量只减少６．３％～１２．３％，灌溉水生产效率提高３３．３％～１２７．８％。因此，根据试验结果和生产实践，临汾地区限水灌溉制度应为：在正常年份，一水条件下，浇足冬水；二水条件下浇好越冬水和浇足拔节水；存充足灌溉条件时要采取限水灌溉，节约水资源，应浇好越冬水，浇足拔节水，少浇孕穗水，小麦亩产可达到４００ｋｇ以上。

Water-limiting irrigation experiments on winter wheat were carried out in Qiaoli village, Linfen Gity during 1991￣1993,suggesting that saving water and increasing yield can be realized simultaneollsly by decreasing irrigation times while irrigating at critical growing stages. The yield merely decreases by 12. 3%￣63. 0%, though irrigation water decreases by 33. 0%￣66. 7%, and the production efficiency of irrigation water is increased by 33. 3%￣127. 8%. With reference to the production practice, it is suggested that the irrigation system for Lin fen District should be that if it permits only one time of irrigation, the winter water should be sufficiently supplied; if it permits two, the winter water and jointing water should be supplied adequendely; if it permits sufficient irrigation, water-limiting irrigation should be adopted to save water resources. 'Adequate winter water, sufficient jointing water and light spike forming water'will result in a yield of more than 400kg/mu.