声呐目标回波的亮点模型

Highlight model of echoes from sonar targets

本文为声呐工程提供一个实用的目标模型．基于大多数声呐系统采用高频限带信号的事实，用传递函数描述目标的回波特性比较适宜．在高频情况下，构成回波的各种成分，如镜反射波、棱角波和各种弹性散射波都可以等效成某个散射中心即亮点的回波．整个目标等效成一组空间分布亮点．本文给出亮点传递函数的普遍形式，它由幅度因子、时延和相位跳变三个参量描述．一个完整的目标模型就是给定这三个参量组、利用本文给出的亮点模型可以实现窄带回波波形的模拟．

This paper presents a practical model of echoes for sonar engineering. Based onthe fact that sonar systems usually use high frequency band-limited signals, the transferfunction is appropriate to characterize the target. At high frequencies, all the echocomponents such as the specular reflected waves, the corner waves and various elasticscattering waves can be thought of the echoes from some equivalent scattering centers orhighlights. The whole target is characterized by a highlight array in space. In this paper ageneral expression of the transfer function of the highlight,which includes the amplitude,time delay and phase factors,is derived. A determined parameter group provides a concretetarget model. The echo waveform simulaTion can also be performed by using the modelpresented in this paper.