微穿孔板的应用技术

Application approach for microperforated panel, sound absorbers

自１９７５年马大猷教授发表了关于微穿孔板吸声构造的论文［１，２］以后，微穿孔板吸声构造在我国的应用已日趋扩大。近年来，在欧美，环境和卫生界人士提出矿物性纤维对人体健康有害的见解，虽然对这种见解尚未取得一致的意见，但因此却使人联想到几十年前因石棉对人体有害所引起的建筑物内大量翻修，以新的材料替换石棉的情景。吸声材料的生产厂家迫切要求能生产不含矿物纤维的宽频带吸声材料，而很多建设方也要求在新建筑物内不再使用矿物性纤维吸声材料。微穿孔板正是适应这一要求、不需外加阻尼材料的共振型吸声构造。新建的联邦德国议会全体会议大厅是周围为玻璃墙面的圆形建筑物，建成首次使用时，发生由于墙面声反射引起会场扩声系统不能正常工作的问题。为了解决这个声学问题而又不改变目前建筑形状和外观，我们设计并试制了透明的微穿孔板吸声构造。

A computation programme for the sound absorption of microperforated absoberes is based on Maa's theory. Comparison between the theoretical and experimental results shows good agreement for normally incident sound waves. The programme enables accurate definition of the geometrical parameters of a microperforated panel construction according to the respective practical requirements. Estimates are also given for impinging diffuse sound fields. As a successful example, a fully transparant microperforated absorber made of plexiglass was installed in order to eliminate the acoustic and electroacoustic disturbances caused by the large cylindrical glass partition walls between the central plenum and surrounding lobby.