南极长城站微生物区系调查

A suvey of microflora around The Great Wall Station in Antarctica

１９９２～１９９３年的夏季，对南极中国长城站的陆地进行了微生物区系的现场调查。先后采集各种类型土样多个。其中对有生态意义的２５个样进行了不同类型微生物的分离和计数；中温培养下每克湿土壤菌量为１０２～１０６，用马丁培养基对真菌进行分离培养和计数，每克湿土含菌量为１０２～１０２；０℃下分离计数，发现低温下微生物的数量较中温的多，每克湿土壤含菌为１０３～１０６。对该地区烃氧化菌进行了特别调查，以长城站为中心东西宽０．４Ｋｍ，南北长１Ｋｍ的范围内烃氧化菌发育最为活跃，但距长城站距离越远，烃氧化菌数量越少。

Studies on the microflora around The Great Wan Station was carrid out during the 1992￣1993 summer time of Antarctica. A lot of soil samples were collected. From them 25 samples were choosed for futher microbial analysis because of that they represent different ecological types. It was found that the numbers of bacteria and fungi are 102￣106 and 0￣104 per gram of wet soil, respectively, when the samples were cultured at 25 ℃. But the numbers reached 103￣ 106 and 103￣104 per gram of wet soil, resprectively, when they were cultured at 0℃. It is very intresting that microbial mass is higher at low temperature than at the high temPerature. The amount of hydrocarbon oxidating bacteria in samples from the area of 0.4 Km wide and 1 Kmlong around The Great Wall Station was also inverstigated. The results showed that the amount of hydrocarbon oxidating bcateria were less in soils sampled far away from The Great Wall Staton.