关于研制稠油抽油机的探讨

On Research and Development of Pumping Units for Viscous Oil Exploitation

评述了几种重型抽油机在开发辽河油田稠油资源中的使用和改进情况，指出这些抽油机都程度不同地存在着可靠性低和技术性能难以完全适应埋藏深、粘度高的稠油的开采。从优选参数、改进结构等方面，探讨了游梁式和链条式两类抽油机研制方案，对前者提出了减速器扭矩在配置上应比常规抽油机提高１～２个档次，异相式抽油机的偏置角控制在５％～７％以内为宜；对后者提出了应研制１６型机械平衡式链条机，同时加快对气平衡系统的攻关，以提高气平衡链条机的可靠性和使用寿命。

The authors discuss the performances of several heavy duty pumping units used in Liaohe Oilfield, and point out that they are not suited to deep production of high-viscosity oil.The authors make an investigation in parameter optimization and structure modification for both beam pumping units and chain drive pumping units. They recommend that, for viscous oil exploitation, gear reducer of higher rating should be provided for conventional pumping unit, an angle offset of 5% to 7% should be selected for phased pumping unit, mechanical balanced chain drive pumping unit of higher rating should be developed, and the air-balance system of air-balanced pumping units should be reformed to improve their reliability and service life.