汽车尾气净化技术的发展趋势及建议

THE TREND OF DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMOBILE EMISSION CONTROL AND SUGGESTIONS

本文重点概述了国外近期在汽车尾气净化技术方面的发展及趋势。结合我国国情提出：要从根本上解决汽车排放控制，首先要加强汽车本身的改造，不断提高汽油机（或柴油机）的制造水平，重点放在适合我国排放法规的电控技术的开发和实施方面；在机外净化方面，从长远看，催化转化器在我国是一种有发展前途的净化装置；当前的主要任务是设法提高汽油的辛烷值，大幅度地增加无铅汽油的比例；科研开发催化转化器的重点应放在催化涂附层的稳定性和活性组分的配比、选用上，力争研究开发出活性高、寿命长、低成本、并能形成专利、具有中国特色的能同时除去废气中烃类、一氧化氮和氧化物的＂三效＂净化剂。

This paper summarizes the recent trend and development abroad of the purification of emission of motor vehicles. Suggestions for controlling automobiles emission in China are put forward.First the automobile should be modified with the stress being put on the development and implement of electronic-control technology conforming to the emission regulation in China. As for emission purification,catalytic convetor is a measure with bright prospect. The current main task is to enhance the octane of gasoline and to greatly increase the prodiction non-lead gasoline. The initial work of research and development of catalytic convetor should be on the stablity of catalytic 'wash-coat' and the selection of active compounds, so as to work out high-active, long-life, low-cost, distinct product of China's characteristic'three way' purificator catalysts.