摘要
本文建立了汽油发动机油在用油极性组分的分析方法，即硅胶－离子交换色谱法。对ＱＥ１０Ｗ／３０高温高速行车试验在用油进行了分离分析，将极性组分分成酸性组分、碱性组分和中性组分；用非水电位滴定、红外光谱、元素分析等手段对各组分进行分析鉴定，并结合场解吸质谱研究了行车试验在用油氧化产物的生成、积累和部分添加剂的降解；用低分辩、高电压质谱测定了中性组分的芳香烃烃类组成；用红外光谱峰面积比值法考察了抗氧剂ＺＤＤＰ的降解规律；用凝胶渗透色谱法对酸性组分作了进一步分析鉴定。综合上述分析结果，考察了在用油随行车里程的增加氧化衰败的规律，并得到在使用过程中含氧化合物迅速增加的拐点。
A silica gel-ion exchange chromatography has been developed for the analysis of polar components in the used gasoline engine oil. The polar components in used engine oil QE 10W/30 through high-temperature and high-speed road test were separated into acidic, basic and neutral fractions. By using non-aqueous titration, IR spectrometry and elementary analysis in combination with field desorption-mass spectrometry, the formation of oxidation products of said used oil and the degradation of some additives were investigated. The composition of aromatic hydrocarbons in neutral fraction was determined by low-resolution, high-voltage mass spectrometry. The degradation of anti-oxidant, ZDDP, was investigated by peak area ratio method of IR. The acidic fraction was further analyzed by gel permeation chromatography. By combining all the analysis results,the pattern Of oxidative degradation of engine oil during road test was investigated, and the breakpoint of rapid increase of oxidation products was obtained.
出处
《石油炼制与化工》
CAS
CSCD
1994年第9期55-63,共9页
Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals
