超临界流体萃取技术的研究和应用

Studies and Applications of Supercritical Fluid Extraction

超临界流体萃取(SFE)是一项新开发的单元分离技术.尽管早在一百多年前(Hannay,1879)就发现了超临界流体的独特溶解现象,但直到本世纪70年代才引起了人们的普遍重视,随之萃取技术不断完善,萃取应用专利(尤其在食品界)相继提出,如啤酒花萃取、咖啡脱碱、茶脱碱、烟草去毒、香辛料提取等.同时,西德在 Hag(1979年)首次建成年处理2万吨的生产线,用于从咖啡中除去咖啡碱.

This article describes the research development of the fundamental principles of SFE, and summarizes the technologes, apparatus, advantages and applicationsof supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction ,and finally puts farward the main problems of commercial applications and the focal point of further researches.