四川省血吸虫病流行区村民血防认知与相关行为调查

PERCEPTIONS AND RELATIVE BEHAVIORS ON SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL IN VILLAGERS IN ENDEMIC AREAS OF SICHUAN

作者于１９９２年执行健康教育项目过程中对全省血吸虫病重疫区中的３３个县４５００余人进行了血防常识认识水平及相关行为调查，并分析了村民获得健康信息的主要渠道．结果表明：疫区村民对血防常识的认知正确率平均为５３．４％；相关卫生行为的正确率平均为８５．４％；有１１．９％的人回答不接触疫水。文章还对其与职业、文化程度和经济收入的关系作了分析。在不同职业中，正确率最低为学前儿童（３９．８％），最高为干部（７６．５％）；文化程度越高，正确率越高，小学及以下为５９．６％，大学为７３．１％；经济收入在４００元／年以下者，正确率为６０．３％．＞２０００元者，可达６９．０％。本文还报道了２个观察村村民接触疫水的主要方式是清洗及耕作，相对接触指数百分比各为５４．３％及５４．９％。统计两村１—１２月各月接触指数．高峰在５—８月。

An investigation by questionaire to explore perceptions and relative behaviors on general knowledge to schistosomiasis control was carried out among a random sample of 4500 villagers in endemic areas of 33 counties ail over the Sichuan Province in 1992.The major channels from which the villagers obtained health information were also surveyed.The results showed that the average correct answer rate on general knowledge was 53. 4% but 86. 5% on relative behaviors in which 11. 9% villagers knowing how to protect themselves.Differences could be found in different occupation, educational level and imcome. The highest correct rate appeared in cadre (71. 9%) while the lowest in pre-school children (39. 8%). The longer the education period one experienced, the more ocrred answer would make. For instance,correct rate was 73. 1 % among those with college educational level, but 59. 6% in primary school level. The correct rate was 60. 3% in villagers with income <400 yuan/person/family/year and 69. 0% in those with >2000 yuan/person/family/year.Data from 2 demonstration villages revealed that the major mode to be exposed in schistosome-infested water waS washing objects and farming. The relative percentage of exposure index of these 2 behaviors reached 54. 3% and 54. 9% of a year. The peak duration of a year situated in May to August.