包虫病血清抗体测定之流行病学意义的进一步研究

A FURTHER INVASTIGATION ON THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ANTIBODY DETECTION IN HYDATID DISEASE

1987年9～10月,在新疆阿尔泰地区福海县进行了人群包虫病血清流行病学调查。用ELISA和IHA测定居民血清抗体,并以胸部X线检查和腹部B型超声检查的方法进行全民体检。经过体检的1420人中,查出带有包囊者41人(其中肝31例,肺5例,肝肺1例,肾3例,肾、腹腔1例)。患病率为2.89％,其中哈萨克族牧民患病率为3.08％,男女患病率之比为1∶2.36。汉族农民患病率为2.69％,男女患病率之比为1∶0.89。患病率随年龄增长而升高。45岁以上人群患病率达9.73％。1341人用ELISA测定血清抗体阳性者286人,阳性率21.33％。IHA检查1270人,阳性24人,阳性率1.89％。两种血清学方法检测抗体的阳性率皆以15～24岁年龄组为最高,然后逐步下降。男女抗体阳性率之比,哈族为1∶2.03;汉族为1∶1.33。在36倒带包囊者中用不同方法检测血清抗体的结果为:IgG-ELISA阳性23例,阳性率63.89％;1gE-ELISA阳性13例,阳性率37.14％。IHA阳性11例,阳性率30.56％。人群体检阳性率与血清中IgG-ELISA抗体阳性率之间的比值,在男性为1∶7.8女性为1∶7.4,平均为1∶7.6。作者认为应用X线胸部检查和B型超声腹部扫查的方法,对居民进行大规模调查,可以获得居民包虫病患病率的可靠资料,用IgG-ELISA检测血清抗体的方法,可以获得居民包虫病感染状况的资料。本项研究证明,

A seroepidemiological survey was carried out in Fuhai county of Altai district, Xinjiang during September-October, 1987. All people of a local village (Chighandgidi) were examined by ultrasound scanner and chest X-ray. Blood samples were collected by vain puncture and tested with IHA and ELISA. In 1420 subjects examined by ultrasonography and chest X-ray, 41 proved to have cysts (31 in liver, 5 in lung, 1 in liver and lung, 3 in kidney and 1 in kidney and abdominal cavity) , the average prevalence rate was 2.89%. Among which in 714 Kazak nomads 22 harboured cysts (3.08%) and in 602 Han peasants 19 had cysts (2.69%) .The prevalence rate increased with age.In the group of over 45 years old the prevalence have arrived at 9.73% .In 1341 people tested by IgG-ELISA,286 were positive(21.33%)and, 1270 sera samples examined by IHA 24 reacted positively (1.98%),The Positive rate was highst in the group of 15-24 years old. The ratio between prevalence and seroposi-tive rate by ELISA was 1:7.6. Thirty six out of 41 cases were examined serologicaly by IgG-ELISA, IgE-ELISA and IHA, the positive rate were 63.89%, 37.14% and 30.56%, respectively. The authors considered that the use of ultrasonography and chest X-ray in mass screening can provide prevalence information more exactly and, the IgG-ELISA positive rate may reflect the infective level in population. It is possible that there are a constant proportion between prevalence and seropositive rate, therefore, the prevalence situation in a population of a given area may be evaluated through a serological survey.