虾池基础生物饵料的培养技术及其种类、数量的研究

Species,Quantity and Cultivation Techniques of Basic Food Organisms in Prawn Ponds

为解决虾苗入池后的前期饵料，降低养虾成本，对对虾养成池基础生物饵料的培养技木及其种类、数量迸行了研究。对试验池２４０个水样进行生物定性、定量分析的结果：浮游植物有７４种，录属７门８纲４１属；浮游动物有５３种，录属７纲１４目；平均生物量力７４．４７×１０６个／Ｌ或３８．３９ｍｇ／Ｌ。基础生物饵料的种类和数量随着水温的升高而增多。通过合理施肥使池水保持自然生态平衡，不用投喂任何代用饲料，便可使对虾长到５～６ｃｍ长。这样，可以充分利用养虾池自身的生产力，降低饲料成本，推退虾池“老化”进程，提高生态效益。本试验为改进旧的养虾模式提供了理论、实践依据。

The cultivation,species and quantity of basic food organisms in prawn on growing ponds were studied in order to supply enough food for the larvae just after stocking and reduce the production cost. 240 water samples were collected and bio-analysised. The results showed that there were 74 species of phytoplankton, belonging to 41 genera, 8 class and 7 phylum; 53 species of zooplankton, belonging to 14 order and 7 class. And the average biomass was 74. 47×106 indi. /L or 38. 39 mg/L. The species and quantity of basic food organisms increased with the increase of water temperature. There is no need to feed any supplementary diet until the prawns grow to 5～6 cm in body length, as rational manuring could maintain richness of pond water and supply enough natural food. This method could fully utilise the productivity of the prawn pond, reduce the feed cost,postpone the 'aging' of the prawn ponds and increase the ecological benefits. The study supplies theoretical and practical bases for the improving of the traditional prawn rearing patterns.