有蒸发的气－水二维湍流流动的数值模拟

Numerical modeling of two-dimensional gas-water turbulent flows with evaporation

对水面蒸发问题的研究，过去一直是仅仅依赖于实验的手段．本文在国内首次提出了有蒸发的气－水二维湍流流动的理论模型，用Ｓｔｅｆａｎ流的概念，采用Ｋ－ε湍流模型及ＳＩＭＰＬＥ算法，进行了 数值模拟，分析了风速、水气温差和相对湿度等各个物理因素对蒸发的影响，并就蒸发对流体流 动和传热的影响进行了探讨．计算结果和实验结果作了比较，大部分参数变化规律在趋势上与实验吻合，亦有某些参数的变化规律与实验有出入，其原因尚待进一步研究．本研究工作在冷却水工程和水资源的开发利用中具有广泛的实际意义．

Evaporation of water has been investigated mainly by eperimental method. In thispaper a theoretical model of two-dimensional gas-water turbulent flows with evaporation is proposed for the first time.Numerical simulation has been carried out based onthe concept of Stefan flux,the k-εturbulence model and the SIMPLE algorithm. Theeffects of wind velocity, gas-water temperature difference and relative humidity onevaporation are analyzed, and the effect of evaporation on fluid flow and heat transferis discussed. Comparison of predictions with experiments gives the qualitative agreement in a wide range of the parametric variation. However, there are still some discrepancies. whose cause needs to be studied.