用污染指示菌评价城市水体污染的研究

ASSESSMENT OF URBAN WATER BODIES CONTAMINATION USING POLLUTION INDICATION BACTERIA

选择湖南省常德市江北城区水体为代表开展本项研究。结果表明，水体中污染指示菌，总大肠菌群（ＴＣ）和粪大肠菌群（ＦＣ）密度同ＢＯＤ＿５负荷以及综合污染指数Ｐ呈高度正相关。所以，污染指示菌指标，特别是粪大肠菌群指标足综合评价城市污水，尤其是生活污水污染的一个必不可少的重要参数。对该城区水体细菌污染的评价结果是，生活污水排放愈集中的地区，细菌污染愈严重。其中护城河水的ＴＣ密度超出我国地面水Ⅲ级标准４个数量级；ＦＣ密度超过ＷＨＯ娱乐用水标准３个数量级。护城河是细菌污染最严重水体。包括滨湖公园内湖在内的接纳生活污水多或较多的水体，细菌污好也相当严重。只是远离城区的柳叮湖受污染程度较轻。

This studvwas conducted in water bodies in a Jiangbei district of Changde Of Changde City.Densi-ties of indication bacteria were related closely to BOD_5 and to comprehensive index P,withcorrelation coefficients being 0.78 and 0.70 respectively(p<0.01).Similar assessment resultswere obtained in terms of fecal coliform(FC)densities and comprehensive pollutionindex. Therefore, the indication bacteria can be considered as important parameters forcomprehensive assessment on the pollution of urban wastewater.The total coliform(TC)densitv exceeded the state standard III degree of surface water quality by 4 orders of magni-tude, and according to WHO recreational water standard, the FC density exceeded by 3 or-ders of magnitude. Furthermore,the enteric pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella sp. werefound in Huchenghe. Bacterial contamination in other water bodies including a lake in BinLake Park was serious.Only suburban Liuye Lake was one of the slightly polluted localities.