晋西黄土区森林流域水量平衡研究

Study of the Water Balance for Soil and Water Conservation in Forests West-north Shanxi Province

该文采用对比流域的方法，定量地分析了水量平衡要素：降雨量、蒸发散量、截留量、径流量的分配规律及各要素之间的数量关系和植被条件对水量平衡要素的影响，在此基础上制定了流域水量平衡分配表。研究结果表明：到达水土保持林生态系统的降水主要分配在蒸发散量、林冠截留量、极少量的地表径流上，并得出为了充分发挥黄土区水土保持林的水源涵养作用，必须采用多种方法来抑制水土保持林的蒸发耗水，使更多的水分拦蓄在土壤─—转换层中这一结论，并为营造更新水土保持林提供了理论依据；

With the help of comparison between watersheds,we analysed quantitatively the main element of water balance:distribution among rainfall,evapotraspiration,interception and volume of runoff,the quantitative relationship amongthe elements and the affect by forest condition;hence we worked out a list of water balance.The result is:the rainfallto the water and soil prevension forest is chiefly distributed in evapotraspiration,interception of the tree crowns and ona small quantity of surface rainfall.Also we have this result;in order to make full use of the function of water preven-sion of west-north in Shanxi,we must adopt kinds of methods to prevent the evaporation loss of water in the water andsoil prevension forest,and make more water stored in soil.At the same time we offered the theoretical basis for plant-ing and renewing the water and soil prevension forest.