红土坡地崩岗侵蚀过程与机理

The Process and Mechanism of Red Earth Slope Disintegration Erosion

崩岗是广泛发育于华南红色风化壳坡地上的各种崩陷地形，其危害性很大。按其形态特征可分为：条形崩岗，叉（分支）形崩岗、瓢形崩岗、箕形崩岗和劣地崩岗等几种类型。其形态演变过程经历了前期的水蚀为主阶段，以及后期的重力侵蚀为主阶段。崩岗的侵蚀过程包括沟墙（特别是沟头沟墙）的后退作用，以及崩积体的再侵蚀过程。崩岗的发生与下述几种情况有关：红土的机械组成特征，以及与水作用发生的变化；风化壳内的各种软弱结构面的存在；大暴雨触发作用以及各种地形要素的影响等。

An extensively occurring and calamitous proress of gravitational erosion causing the red weathering mantleslope to fall in is known as slope disintegration or slope failure. Usually. it can be divided into following forms ac-cording to its shape features. a. linear disintegration. b.forked disintegration. c. gourd ladle-like disintegration. d.dustpan-like disin-tegration. e. badland disintegration. The change processes of its shape has undergone water erosion stage first and then gravitational erosion. Theerosion processes of disintegration include the falling back of the gull walls cespacially the gully heads and the re-ercosion of the colluvial deposits. And its erosion mechanism is closely related to the following situatio:.mechanical componment of the red erath and its changes witk water action. b. types of the crack in the redweathering mantle. c. impact of storrn events. d.impact of the elements of a hill.