论降雨径流的集存

Discussion on the Collection and Storage of Rainfall Runoff

降雨径流集存系统由集水、输水和存水三个子系统组成，它把大面积集水区的降雨径流汇集到小面积存水区的土壤水库中，变少雨为多水，是半干旱与干旱地区利用降雨径流资源发展旱作农业的高效系统；根据农田土壤水分平衡方程和植物需水量与供水量的对比关系可以定量确定系统中存水区与集水区的面积比。小型径流场、集流梯田和微型集水区是当前使用最多、效果最好的降雨径流集存形式。

The system of collection and storage of rainfall runoff consists of the three subsystems ofwater collection,transportation and storage. By this system,rainfall runoff water in a large area canbe collected into soil reservoir in a smaller storage area and thus turn the area lack of rainfall into anarea rich in water.It is considered as a very effective system for the development of arid farming bythe utilization of rainfall runoff resource in arid and semi-arid area.The area ratio of wtaer collectionregion and storage region in the system can be established quantitatively by the proportional relationbetween the equilibrium equation of farm land soil water content and the water content needed andsupplied by the plant.Small-scale runoff field,water collection terrace and mini-scale water collectionarea are the three most effective and universal ways of the rainfall runoff collection-storage.