北盘江流域降雨、径流、产沙相互关系研究

The Correlation among Rainfall,Runoff and Sedimentin North-Pan River

根据北盘江流域５个水文站降雨、径流和悬移质输沙模数资料，采用线性函数和幂函数拟合降雨和径流、降雨和悬移质输沙模数、径流和悬移质输沙模数的相互关系，根据剩余标准差最小原则确定最优关系。并探讨了一个流域内单一雨量站资料和径流、悬移质输沙模数的关系。结果表明：流域平均降雨量与径流、悬移质输沙模数，径流与悬移质输沙模数之间存在较好相关关系，根据剩余标准差大小，确定用线性函数或幂函数表达。悬移质输沙模数与最大洪峰流量、一日最大平均流量、不同时段最大径流量、一日最大降雨量等存在较好线性关系，用线性关系表达最好。在北盘江支流打帮河流域镇宁站的降雨量比流域８个雨量站平均降雨资料与流域径流量、悬移质输沙模数相关关系好。提出了在打帮河流域可用镇宁站降雨资料预报年径流量及悬移质输沙模数的数学模型。

According to the data of rainfall,runoff and sediment discharge modulus of suspendedload at five hydrographical stations in North-pan River,using optimization technology of leastsquare method,the correlation among rainfall,runoff and sediment discharge modulus of suspendedload were simulated by linear function and power function and elected the optimum simulated func-tion type by remain standard deviation.Study on correlation among the data of a certain rainfall ob-serve station in the special watershed,runoff and sediment discharge modulus of suspended loadwere simulated.The results showed that there is better correlation between the average rainfall ofwatershed and runoff or sediment discharge modulus,and between runoff and sediment dischargemodulus,and between runoff and sediment discharge medulus in North-pan River,their relationshipmay be expressed better with linear function or power function;the relationship between sedimentdischarge modulus and maximum annual peak discharge,maximum a day average discharge,maxi-mum 3 (or 7 or 15 days)day flood runoff,maximum rainfall in a day(or 3 days or 7 days)periedmay be expressed better with linear function.Models established by this paper can predict annualrunoff and sediment discharge modulus.