化学诱导玉米孤雌生殖的研究

STUDIES ON CHEMICALLY-INDUCED PARTHENOGENSIS IN MAIZE

本文采用正交实验设计研究了几种化学药物和植物类激素对玉米孤雌生殖的影响，结果表明：基因型对玉米孤雌生殖有极显著的作用，影响最大；适当浓度的ＭＨ（４０ｐｐｍ）和ＤＭＳＯ（４％）、ＭＳ和Ｎ６培养液、ＧＡ３都（极）有利于提高玉米孤雌生殖的频率，Ｃｏｌ．有极显著降低玉米孤雌生殖结实率的作用；本试验中化学诱导玉米孤雌生殖的最佳处理配方是：４０ｐｐｍＭＨ＋４％ＤＭＳＯ＋ＭＳ培养液；玉米孤雌生殖的胚胎发育过程与正常玉米相似，并具有多起源现象，属无融合生殖范筹。

The orthogonal design was chosen in this study to investigate the effects of several chemicals and plant hormones on maize parthenogensis. The results showed as follows:1. The Genotype, dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO),GA3,MH,MS and N6 medium could significently enhance the frequence of parthenpopasis of maize(P<0. 01 or P<0.05),while the colchicine (Col.)cold reduce the percentage of fulfilled grain of parthenogenic maize significently(P<0.01 ), and the optium fomula for chemically-induced treatment was 40ppm MH+4%DMSO+MS medium,2. The developing process of embryoes of parthenogensis was similar with nomal maize, and it had different origin. The maize parthenogensis was one kind of apomixis.