改革垄作农艺促进甜菜的机械化栽培

A Reform on the Cropping System of Ridge Planting and Mechanizaton in Sugarbeet Cultivation

本文分析了我国东北地区甜菜传统的垄作(行距60—70cm,株距25—40cm)栽培方式对产量、质量及工时的影响。通过在黑龙江省北部和南部进行三年的机械化及平作(行距45cm,株距25cm)栽培试验和生产示范,比较了垄作和平作的保苗株数、根产量、含糖率及产糖量的差异,表明平作的效果优于垄作。同时对机械栽培及平作的各项技术措施进行了评述,对栽培方式的改革提出了建议。

The root yield, root quality and work hours per unit-area of sugarbeet in the northeast of China which were affected by the traditional cropping pattern of ridge planting (i.e. row width=60-70cm and plant spacing=25-40cm) were analysed. The results which came from three-year experiments and productive demonstrations in the north and south of Heilongjiang province showed that four indexs including the number of plants per unit-area, root yield, sugar content and sugar yield were better under the condition of level planting than those under the condition of ridge planting. Some techniques applied to mechanized cropping and level planting were described. A suggestion about the reform of cropping pattern of sugarbeet was put forth.