超新星核中的非奇异－奇异夸克物质相变

THE PHASE TRANSITIONS OF NONSTRANGE-STRANGE QUARK MATTER IN SUPERNOVA CORES

最近Ｇｅｎｔｉｌｅ等研究了超新星核区从核物质到夸克物质的一级相变．沿着他们的工作，本文研究从两味夸克物质到三味夸克物质的相变过程．我们发现相变时标小于１０－７秒．超新星的中心温度和核区的中微子总能量明显增大，这不仅会增加超新星爆发的成功机会，而且会提高复活激波的能量，同时会影响新生中子星的冷却．核区存在Ｓｃｈｗａｒｚｓｃｈｉｌｄ对流．

Recently Gentile et al. have studied the first-order phase transitions of nuclear matter to quark matter in supernova cores.Following their work, we study the subsequent phase transitions of two-flavor into three-flavor quark matter.We find that the timescale of the phase transitions is less than 10-7 second.Both the temperatures in the inner cores and the total neutrino energies in the whole cores increase significantly. These results will enhance not only the probabilities of the successes for supernova explosions but also the total energies of the revived shock waves, and will affect the cooling of the newly born neutron stars.There exists Schwarzschild convection in the core regions.Department of Physics, Nanjing University