明代地方庙学中的乡贤祠与名宦祠

Ancestral Halls of Country Worthies and Famous Officials in Local Temple Schools in the Ming Dynasty

明代的乡贤祠、名宦祠在继承前朝之制的基础上有所发展,二祠得以全面普及化和制度化,并与庙学紧密结合。乡贤祠与名宦祠是由国家、地方与民间三者共同构建,虽然出现冒滥之弊,但不能因此而否定祭祀乡贤、名宦具有崇德报功、教化民众的社会意义。

In the Ming dynasty, ancestral halls of country worthies and famous officials develop further on the basis of the preceding system. They are universalized and institutionalized, and integrated into temple schools. The construction of the ancestral halls is under-taken jointly by the central government, the local government and the local people. Although there may be counterfeits and abusage, it can not be denied that to offer sacrifices to country worthies and famous officials is socially significant in paying respect to the virtue and merit, and in educating the masses.